Pubic lice, also referred to as crabs, are tiny parasitic insects that live on coarse body hair. They can be found in pubic hair, armpits, hairy legs, abdomens and chests as well as eyelashes, eyebrows and beards. The parasites do not travel to hair on the head. They travel by crawling from hair to hair - they do not jump and cannot fly.
Signs and symptoms of pubic lice Symptoms can occur within 2 hours of exposure, although if a previous infection has been experienced, symptoms will occur much faster as the immune system responds to the infection. Symptoms may include:
Itching in the infected areas; Visible lice on the skin; Brown eggs (nits) on the hair; Black powder-like lice droppings in underwear.
Transmission and prevention of pubic lice Pubic lice are passed by personal contact, including sexual activity. Its possible to transmit them through sharing bed linen and towels. To avoid transmission it is recommended:
Not engaging in personal contact during an infestation; Reducing the incidence of shared bed linen, towels etc.
Treatment of pubic lice Treatment involves using a medicated shampoo or solution on all affected parts. This should be left on overnight and rinsed off in the morning. One application is usually all that is needed. Treatments are available from a GP, sexual health clinic or GUM unit and the chemist, without prescription. Sexual partners should also be treated. Itching symptoms may persist for up to two weeks following treatment - this is not a sign that the treatment has been unsuccessful. Calamine lotion sometimes alleviates the irritation. A follow-up visit to the GP or clinic is advised one week after treatment. Bed linen, clothing and towels should be washed to avoid re-infection.
